A new scientific monograph entitled “Geographical, Hydrological and Ecological Monitoring (Varzob River Basin, Tajikistan) / Географо-гидрологический и экологический мониторинг (бассейн реки Варзоб, Таджикистан)” has been published by Majid Shonazarovich Gulayozov, Co-Director of the Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia (Dushanbe), Candidate of Geographical Sciences, in co-authorship with Ali Rakhmatzhanovich Fazylov, Head of the Laboratory of Hydraulic Structures at the Institute of Water Problems, Hydropower and Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor.

  Abstract. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are essential nutrients regulating plant growth, yet their long-term impacts on grassland ecosystems in Tajikistan remain poorly understood. This study conducted a five-year (2018–2022) field experiment across four grassland sites (Tabakqi, Balkhi, Luchob, and Ziddi) along an elevation gradient in central and southwestern Tajikistan to explore the effects of varying N (0, 30, and 90 kg N/(hm2•a)) and P (0 and 30 kg P/(hm2•a)) additions on aboveground biomass (AGB) and plant species diversity. Nutrient addition significantly increased AGB across all sites. Compared with the control (without N or P addition), AGB increased by 20%–80% under moderate N treatment (adding 30 kg N/(hm2•a)) and by up to 190%–200% under high N and P addition treatment (adding 90 kg N/(hm2•a) and 30 kg P/(hm2•a)). In 2022, AGB at the low-elevation site (Tabakqi) increased from 494 g/m2 under the control to 650 g/m2 under high N and P treatment, while at the high-elevation site (Ziddi), it rose from 552 to 1614 g/m2.

  In Tajikistan, hazardous natural occurrences, including mudflows, pose a considerable threat to infrastructures and people's lives. The frequency and intensity of these natural disasters have escalated in recent years, necessitating efficient monitoring and management strategies.

  At present, the entire civilized world is faced with global environmental problems, where the greening of the education system at all levels should contribute to the formation of knowledge and skills necessary to promote sustainable development. The article describes the state and measures for the development of environmental education in the interests of sustainable development of the Republic of Tajikistan.

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